{"id":1489,"date":"2021-04-01T16:31:14","date_gmt":"2021-04-01T14:31:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/trakaimuziejus.lt\/?p=1489"},"modified":"2021-04-01T16:31:15","modified_gmt":"2021-04-01T14:31:15","slug":"salos-pilis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trakaimuziejus.lt\/en\/ekspozicijos-terminalas\/salos-pilis\/","title":{"rendered":"Trakai Island Castle"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dar statant, tvirtinant ir ple\u010diant Pusiasalio pil\u012f, XIV a. II pus\u0117je prad\u0117ta Salos pilies statyba vienoje i\u0161 didesni\u0173 Galv\u0117s e\u017eero sal\u0173. Pirmajame statybos etape Salos pilis buvo pereinamojo tipo i\u0161 aptvarin\u0117s \u012f konventin\u0119, kuri\u0105 sudaro raid\u0117s \u201eU\u201c formos kunigaik\u0161\u010di\u0173 r\u016bmai ir prie\u0161pilis. Manoma, kad Salos pil\u012f prad\u0117jo statyti K\u0119stutis, o XV a. I pus\u0117je baig\u0117 jo s\u016bnus Vytautas. Ji buvo statyta kaip tvirtov\u0117 apsiginti nuo prie\u0161\u0173 ir niekad nebuvo paimta u\u017epuolik\u0173.
In the second construction phase, the castle was redesigned: a six-story donjon tower measuring 9,2 \u00d7 9,6 meters (33 meters high) was planned between the palace wings, and a defensive wall with buttresses was built along the edge of the island. The castle\u2019s architecture is Gothic, though some elements reflect Romanesque features. All rooms had vaulted ceilings, and the window frames were decorated with profiled bricks. On the second floor of the palace\u2019s right wing, there was a representative hall with stained glass windows. The first written mention of the architecture of the Island Castle, like that of the Peninsula Castle, was made by Flemish traveler Ghillebert de Lannoy, who noted that \u201cthe second castle stands in the middle of another lake, a cannon shot away from the old one. It is entirely new, built of brick in the French style.\u201d In the final construction phase, a moat was created to separate the ducal palace from the forecourt, which was surrounded by a defensive wall with towers and casemates. The southern and triangular casemates housed kitchens, the lower floors of the western casemates were used for storage, and servants lived on the second floor. A prison was located in the southwest tower of the castle. The forecourt acquired an irregular trapezoidal shape.
\u017dalgirio m\u016b\u0161io i\u0161vakar\u0117se i\u0161pl\u0117sta pilis buvo naujovi\u0161ka, flanginei gynybai pritaikyti kampiniai prie\u0161pilio bok\u0161tai tur\u0117jo 15 patrank\u0173. Po \u017dalgirio m\u016b\u0161io (1410 m.), sutriu\u0161kinus Kry\u017eiuo\u010di\u0173 ordin\u0105, Salos pilis tapo did\u017eiojo kunigaik\u0161\u010dio rezidencija. XV a. pr. Trakai buvo klestintis miestas, jame lank\u0117si daug pirkli\u0173, garbing\u0173 sve\u010di\u0173, u\u017esienio pasiuntini\u0173, kurie buvo priimami Salos r\u016bm\u0173 reprezentacin\u0117je men\u0117je. 1413 m. Salos pilyje priimtas imperatoriaus Zigmanto pasiuntinys Benediktu Makra, paskirtas arbitru gin\u010dui su Ordinu d\u0117l \u017demaitijos sien\u0173 spr\u0119sti. Trylika kart\u0173 1413-1430 m. \u010dia lank\u0117si Lietuvos did\u017eiojo kunigaik\u0161\u010dio Vytauto pusbrolis Lenkijos karalius Jogaila.
In the 16th century, after losing its military and residential functions, the Island Castle declined in importance. The Grand Dukes visited it increasingly less often. The Lithuanian Metrica, which had been stored in the castle, was moved to Vilnius in 1511. The castle was repurposed as a prison for noble individuals.
Po niokojan\u010dios 1655\u20131661 m. carin\u0117s Rusijos invazijos Trak\u0173 miestas buvo apipl\u0117\u0161tas ir sudegintas, Salos pilis apgriauta ir nebuvo atstatoma, miestas jau neatsigavo ir tapo provincijos miesteliu.
XIX a. romantizmo id\u0117jos skatino dom\u0117tis Lietuvos praeitimi, o ypa\u010d Trak\u0173 pilimis. Dailininkai tap\u0117 Salos pilies griuv\u0117sius, i\u0161likusius ant sien\u0173 fresk\u0173 fragmentus, architektai, in\u017einieriai ruo\u0161\u0117 pilies restauravimo projektus. In\u017einierius. B. Malevskis pareng\u0117 prie\u0161pilio pietrytinio bok\u0161to fragmentinio restauravimo ir konservavimo projekt\u0105. Nors atlikti darbai buvo nedideli, bet Salos pilies i\u0161saugojimo istorijai jie labai reik\u0161mingi. 1929\u20131941 m. pilies restauravimo darbams vadovavo lenk\u0173 in\u017einierius, architektas J. Borovskis. Tuo laikotarpiu buvo sustiprinta m\u016br\u0173 apa\u010dia, restauruota dalis kampini\u0173 kontrafors\u0173, pa\u0161alintos griuvenos nuo fasado, sustiprintas don\u017eonas, prad\u0117ta atstatin\u0117ti reprezentacin\u0117 sal\u0117.\u00a0
Po II Pasaulinio karo Trak\u0173 pili\u0173 konservavimo, restauravimo ir atstatymo darbus t\u0119s\u0117 lietuvi\u0173 restauratoriai.1953 m. prasid\u0117jo pilies restauravimo darbai. 1962 m. pagal architekto B. Kr\u016bminio projekt\u0105 buvo atstatyti centriniai r\u016bmai, o vadovaujant architektui St. Mikulioniui 1987 m. baigtas restauruoti prie\u0161pilis. Atstatyti prie\u0161pilio kampiniai bok\u0161tai, vakariniai kazematai pakeit\u0117 ir visos pilies t\u016brin\u0119 erdvin\u0119 kompozicij\u0105. Lietuvos ir Trak\u0173 miesto simbolis \u2013 Salos pilis atgavo XV am\u017eiaus vaizd\u0105. Atk\u016brus nepriklausom\u0105 Lietuv\u0105, \u010dia v\u0117l priimami garbingi sve\u010diai, pasira\u0161omos sutartys.
In 1962, the Island Castle was transferred to the Trakai History Museum. Exhibitions were installed, and the castle became a venue for displays, concerts, festivals, and celebrations. Each year, thousands of visitors come to explore the castle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n